Glossary of Linguistic Terms

Instrument As A Semantic Role

Definition: 

Instrument is the semantic role of an inanimate thing that an agent uses to implement an event. It is the stimulus or immediate physical cause of an event.

Discussion: 

Instrument words are usually nouns occurring in the noun phrase of a clause:

  • Someone cut the bread with a knife.

In some languages, the noun occurs in a second clause or serial verb construction:

  • Someone took a knife (and) cut the bread.
Examples: 

(English)

  • The cook cut the cake with a knife.
  • She used a crayon to scribble a note.
  • That window was broken by a hammer.
Source: 
199–203
159–161